Friday, January 21, 2011

Week 2_18/01/2011

Marks Allocation

  • Attendance/Participation- 5%
  • Quizzes/Blog- 5%
  • Assignment/Presentation- 20%
  • Mid-term Test- 20%
  • Final Exam- 50%
Homework / Research Topics
  1. Different words with the same meaning. (Eg: Satee, Couch, Sofa)
  2. The longest word in the in English
  3. Affixes (Eg: Prefix & Suffix)
  4. Content Words
  5. Function Words
  6. Morpheme
  7. Acronym
  8. Blend

38 comments:

  1. Research and post your findings here.Don't have the same answers.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Also research on the importance of affixes,etc...hmmm,get moving...this research will 'cost' you 20marks...

    ReplyDelete
  3. Sorry ms,i had tried my best to spread the news about this blog but i can't email to everyone via SMS system??it showed that there's a system error. I will try again. Sorry for any inconvenience caused ms. Have a nice day!:)

    ReplyDelete
  4. hi guys..this is 1 of the longest word that i get..check this out..

    methionylglutaminylarginyltyrosylglutamylserylleucyl phenylalanylalanylglutaminylleucyllysylglutamylarginyl lysylglutamylglycylalanylphenylalanylvalylprolylphenyl alanylvalylthreonylleucylglycylaspartylprolylglycylisol eucylglutamylglutaminylserylleucyllysylisoleucylaspartyl threonylleucylisoleucylglutamylalanylglycylalanylaspartyl alanylleucylglutamylleucylglycylisoleucylprolylphenyl alanylserylaspartylprolylleucylalanylaspartylglycylprolyl threonylisoleucylglutaminylasparaginylalanylthreonylleucyl arginylalanylphenylalanylalanylalanylglycylvalylthreonyl prolylalanylglutaminylcysteinylphenylalanylglutamyl methionylleucylalanylleucylisoleucylarginylglutaminyllysyl histidylprolylthreonylisoleucylprolylisoleucylglycylleucyl leucylmethionyltyrosylalanylasparaginylleucylvalylphenyl alanylasparaginyllysylglycylisoleucylaspartylglutamylphenyl alanyltyrosylalanylglutaminylcysteinylglutamyllysylvalyl glycylvalylaspartylserylvalylleucylvalylalanylaspartylvalyl prolylvalylglutaminylglutamylserylalanylprolylphenylalanyl arginylglutaminylalanylalanylleucylarginylhistidylasparaginyl valylalanylprolylisoleucylphenylalanylisoleucylcysteinyl prolylprolylaspartylalanylaspartylaspartylaspartylleucyl leucylarginylglutaminylisoleucylalanylseryltyrosylglycyl arginylglycyltyrosylthreonyltyrosylleucylleucylserylarginyl alanylglycylvalylthreonylglycylalanylglutamylasparaginyl arginylalanylalanylleucylprolylleucylasparaginylhistidyl leucylvalylalanyllysylleucyllysylglutamyltyrosylasparaginyl alanylalanylprolylprolylleucylglutaminylglycylphenylalanyl glycylisoleucylserylalanylprolylaspartylglutaminylvalyllysyl alanylalanylisoleucylaspartylalanylglycylalanylalanylglycyl alanylisoleucylserylglycylserylalanylisoleucylvalyllysylisol eucylisoleucylglutamylglutaminylhistidylasparaginylisoleucyl glutamylprolylglutamyllysylmethionylleucylalanylalanylleucyl lysylvalylphenylalanylvalylglutaminylprolylmethionyllysyl alanylalanylthreonylarginylserine

    for ur info,its a protein name..

    ReplyDelete
  5. i would like to share some info i get..

    which of the following sentences are correct?
    1)How tall is the building?
    OR How high is the building?

    2)How tall are you?
    OR How high are you?

    In both cases the word tall should be used.
    this articles were first published on June 9 and 18,2004 under The Star's Mind Our English series.

    ReplyDelete
  6. Here is a list of adjectives and their synonyms that are commonly used to DESCRIBE PEOPLE.

    Beautiful: Attractive, Pretty, Lovely, Stunning

    Fair: Just, Objective, Impartial, Unbiased

    Funny: Humorous, Comical, Hilarious, Hysterical

    Happy: Content, Joyful, Mirthful, Upbeat

    Hardworking: Diligent, Determined, Industrious, Enterprising

    Honest: Honorable, Fair, Sincere, Trustworthy

    Intelligent: Smart, Bright, Brilliant, Sharp

    Introverted: Shy, Bashful, Quiet, Withdrawn

    Kind:Thoughtful, Considerate, Amiable, Gracious

    Lazy: Idle, Lackadaisical, Lethargic, Indolent

    Mean: Unfriendly, Unpleasant, Bad-tempered, Difficult

    Outgoing: Friendly, Sociable, Warm, Extroverted

    Rich: Affluent, Wealthy, Well-off, Well-to-do

    Strong: Stable, Secure, Solid, Tough

    Unhappy: Sad, Depressed, Melancholy, Miserable

    ReplyDelete
  7. 1. different word, same meaning
    a) student-pupil
    b) speak-talk

    2.pneoumonoultramicroscopicsilicorolcanoconisis
    (45 letters) name of a lung disease

    3. affixes are words that are attached at the beginning and the end of a word
    prefix are words place at the beginning of a root word anti+ biotic = antibiotic
    suffix are words place at the end of a root work
    eg sleep + ing = sleeping

    Lekha

    ReplyDelete
  8. Acronym : PTA stands for Parents Teachers Association

    Blend : handbag

    Lekha

    ReplyDelete
  9. How high are you?...Wrong sentence...

    ReplyDelete
  10. This are the longest word in english

    1)Methionylthreonylthreonylglutaminylarginyl
    2Lopadotemachoselachogaleokranioleipsano
    3)Hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia
    4)Supercalifragilisticexpialidocious
    5)Honorificabilitudinitatibus
    6)Floccinaucinihilipilification

    ReplyDelete
  11. An acronym is an abbreviation, but not in the ordinary sense as in Dr. for doctor. An acronym is a word made of the initial letters of the words describing a certain concept, organization or special object. NATO is an acronym, and the letters stand for North American Treaty Organization. Usually all the letters of an acronym are in upper case, because each stands for its own word in the phrase it describes. Dr. is NOT an acronym; it is a simple abbreviation.

    ReplyDelete
  12. What is morpheme.............

    A morpheme is a word or a word element that cannot be divided into smaller meaningful parts.
    In the word "singing," sing is a morpheme and ing is a morpheme.

    In the word "friendliest," friend is a morpheme, ly is a morpheme, and est is a morepheme

    ReplyDelete
  13. what is content word............

    A word, such as a noun, verb, or adjective, that has a statable lexical meaning, rather than indicating a syntactic function, as a function word does.

    ReplyDelete
  14. What is BLEND.................

    v., blend·ed, or blent (blĕnt), blend·ing, blends.

    v.tr.
    1.To combine or mix so that the constituent parts are indistinguishable from one another: "He has no difficulty blending his two writing careers: novels and films" (Charles E. Claffey).
    2.To combine (varieties or grades) to obtain a mixture of a particular character, quality, or consistency: blend tobaccos.
    v.intr.
    1.To form a uniform mixture: "The smoke blended easily into the odor of the other fumes" (Norman Mailer).
    2.To become merged into one; unite.
    3.To create a harmonious effect or result: picked a tie that blended with the jacket. See synonyms at mix.
    n.
    1.
    a.The act of blending.
    b.Something, such as an effect or a product, that is created by blending: "His face shows, as he stares at the fire, a blend of fastidiousness and intransigence" (John Fowles). See synonyms at mixture.
    2.Linguistics. A word produced by combining parts of other words, as smog from smoke and fog.

    kavita..........

    ReplyDelete
  15. yup,mam...tall should be use in both sentences...

    ReplyDelete
  16. the synonyms...

    how about>>

    important-essential-vital
    teenager-adolescent
    penalize-sentence
    child-kid
    beg-plead
    friend-peer
    cheat-lie
    weird-strange

    are there any mistakes?

    ReplyDelete
  17. Hello,everyone! Except of the one that had been mentioned by Kavitah, the longest word that i got with the clear meaning is:

    Hippopotomonstrosesquipedaliophobia [35 letters]
    =fear {actually we can see the word "phobia" at the end of the word}

    P/s: Please correct me if I am wrong. Lots of thanks~ :)

    ReplyDelete
  18. The link for longest world in the world..
    1.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest_word_in_English
    2.http://www.fun-with-words.com/word_longest.html
    3.http://thelongestlistofthelongeststuffatthelongestdomainnameatlonglast.com/long1.html


    *nanTny*

    ReplyDelete
  19. This comment has been removed by the author.

    ReplyDelete
  20. What is content word?It means a word that conveys information in the form of Text or Speech act.Content words(lexical) include nouns,lexical verbs,adjectives and adverbs.

    Examples are:
    Nouns-Girl,boy,paper,ball
    Lexical verbs-Write,cooking,dancing
    Adjectives-blue,fat,handsome,small
    Adverbs-Frankly,unfortunately,deadly

    Frm:Mayyen

    ReplyDelete
  21. HALOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo everone hw r u?? hahahahahaha....this is not the longest word..Here comes the longest word...njoy lalings :)

    1. The longest word in the in English


    1)floccinaucinihilipilification
    meaning => the act of estimating as worthless.
    2)antidisestablishmentarianism
    meaning => opposition to the disestablishment of the Church of England.

    3)Hippopotomonstrosesquippedaliophobia
    meaning => it is the fear of long words.
    (they could have made it shorter

    4)pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
    meaning => a lung disease.

    2. Affixes (Eg: Prefix & Suffix)

    3) Affixes

    • An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word.
    • Affixation is, the linguistic process speakers use to form different words by adding morphemes (affixes) at the beginning (prefixation), the middle (infixation) or the end (suffixation) of words.

     Example of prefix :

    a. –able= work-able , reli-able
    b. –er=teach-er, work-er
    c. –ing=shoot-ing, danc-ing
    d. Al= refusal , proposal
    e. –ly=quiet-ly , slow-ly , careful-ly
    f. Less= penni-less , brain-less
    g. Ise=hospital-ise , crystal-ise
    h. –meat= treat-ment , amaze-ment

     Example of suffix :

    a. Anti = Antiabortion , anti-population
    b. De= de-activated , de-mystify
    c. Dis= dis-continue , dis-obey
    d. Ex= ex-president , ex-wife , ex-friend
    e. In= in-competent , in-complete
    f. Mis= mis-count , mis-placed
    g. Un=un-happy , un-fair , un-intelligent
    h. Re= re-think , re-do , re-state.

    3. Function &Content Words

    ~Elements to the structures of sentences.
    ~Serve to express grammatical relationships with other words within a sentence, or specify the attitude or mood of the speaker
    ~Words that are not function words are called content words (or open class words or lexical words or autosemantic words):
    ~It include nouns, verbs, adjectives, and most adverbs, although some adverbs are function words (e.g., then and why).
    ~Function words might be prepositions, pronouns, auxiliary verbs, conjunctions, grammatical articles or particles, all of which belong to the group of closed-class words.
    ~Interjections are sometimes considered function words but they belong to the group of open-class words.
    ~ Function words might or might not be inflected or might have affixes.

    4. Morpheme

    ~ a study of words

    ~ formation of words in a language

    ~ A morpheme is the smallest indivisible unit of a language that retains meaning in a language like words, affixes and parts of speech (noun, adjective and verb)

    5. Acronym

    • A word that is formed by combining some parts (usually the first letters) of some other terms For example, modem is the acronym derived from modulator/demodulator.
    • In everyday speech, the term is also used to refer a longer phrase.


     Examples of acronyms
    ASAP As Soon As Possible
    BTW By The Way
    FWIW For What It's Worth
    FYI For Your Information
    IMHO In My Humble Opinion
    IMO In My Opinion
    LOL Laughing Out Loud
    ROTFL Rolling On The Floor Laughing
    TIA Thanks In Advance











    6. Blend

    ~Blending is the combination of two separated form to produce a single new word.

    ~ Blending is a process of taking only the beginning of one word and joining it to the end of the other words.

    Examples of blending =

    -knapsack (knap + sack)

    -lipstick (lip + stick)

    -mouthwash (mouth + wash)

    -sunlight (sun + light)

    -raindrop (rain + drop)

    -sandpaper (sand + paper)

    -groundhog (ground + hog)

    -afternoon (after + noon)

    -motorcar (motor + car)

    -eyebrow (eye + brow)

    -spork ( spoon + fork)

    ~ flare(flame+glare)

    ~ flirtationship(flirting+relationship)

    ~ glimmer(gleam+shimmer)

    ~ Globish(global+English)

    ~ guitarthritis(guitar+arthritis)

    ~ moped(motor+pedal)

    ~ motorcade(motor+cavalcade)

    ReplyDelete
  22. here are some examples of SUFFIXES..

    ABLE,IBLE-moveable,eatable,incredible
    (capable of being)

    AIN,AN-chaplain,publican(one connected)

    ANCE,ENCE-acceptance,existence(state of)

    ANT-assistant,servant(one who)

    ESS-goddess,princess,waitress(the female)

    ICLE,SEL-particle,morsel(little)

    ORY-dormitory,factory,laboratory(a place for)

    OUS-famous,glorious,wondrous(full of)

    ----Words can also be changed from one part of speech to another by adding or removing the PREFIX and SUFFIX and by changing the SPELLING---

    ReplyDelete
  23. >compounding

    Compounding is the word formation process in which two or more lexemes combine into a single new word. Compound words may be written as one word or as two words joined with a hyphen. For example:

    * noun-noun compound: note + book → notebook
    * adjective-noun compound: blue + berry → blueberry
    * verb-noun compound: work + room → workroom
    * noun-verb compound: breast + feed → breastfeed
    * verb-verb compound: stir + fry → stir-fry
    * adjective-verb compound: high + light → highlight
    * verb-preposition compound: break + up → breakup
    * preposition-verb compound: out + run → outrun
    * adjective-adjective compound: bitter + sweet → bittersweet
    * preposition-preposition compound: in + to → into


    >Clipping

    Clipping is the word formation process in which a word is reduced or shortened without changing the meaning of the word. Clipping differs from back-formation in that the new word retains the meaning of the original word. For example:

    * advertisement – ad
    * alligator – gator
    * examination – exam
    * gasoline – gas
    * gymnasium – gym
    * influenza – flu
    * laboratory – lab
    * mathematics – math
    * memorandum – memo
    * photograph – photo
    * public house – pub
    * raccoon – coon
    * reputation – rep
    * situation comedy – sitcom
    * telephone – phone

    The four types of clipping are back clipping, fore-clipping, middle clipping, and complex clipping. Back clipping is removing the end of a word as in gas from gasoline. Fore-clipping is removing the beginning of a word as in gator from alligator. Middle clipping is retaining only the middle of a word as in flu from influenza. Complex clipping is removing multiple parts from multiple words as in sitcom from situation comedy

    >Blending

    Blending is the word formation process in which parts of two or more words combine to create a new word whose meaning is often a combination of the original words. For example:

    * advertisement + entertainment → advertainment
    * biographical + picture → biopic
    * breakfast + lunch → brunch
    * chuckle + snort → chortle
    * cybernetic + organism → cyborg
    * guess + estimate → guesstimate
    * hazardous + material → hazmat
    * motor + hotel → motel
    * prim + sissy → prissy
    * simultaneous + broadcast → simulcast
    * smoke + fog → smog
    * Spanish + English → Spanglish
    * spoon + fork → spork
    * telephone + marathon → telethon
    * web + seminar → webinar

    Blended words are also referred to as portmanteaus.

    ReplyDelete
  24. SOME OTHER EXAMPLES I GET FROM MY RESERACH FOR BLEND WORDS...

    # agitprop (agitation + propaganda)
    # alcopop (alcohol + pop)
    # bash (bat + mash)
    # Breathalyzer (breath + analyzer)
    # camcorder (camera + recorder)
    # chexting (cheating + texting)
    # clash (clap + crash)
    # cosmeceutical (cosmetic + pharmaceutical)
    # docudrama (documentary + drama)
    # electrocute (electricity + execute)
    # emoticon (emote + icon)
    # faction (fact + fiction)
    # fanzine (fan + magazine)
    # flare (flame + glare)
    # flirtationship (flirting + relationship)
    # glimmer (gleam + shimmer)
    # Globish (global + English)
    # guitarthritis (guitar + arthritis)
    # infotainment (information + entertainment)
    # moped (motor + pedal)
    # motorcade (motor + cavalcade)
    # palimony (pal + alimony)
    # pornacopia (pornography + cornucopia)
    # pulsar (pulse + quasar)
    # sexcapade (sex + escapade)
    # slanguage (slang + language)
    # smash (smack + mash)
    # sportscast (sports + broadcast)
    # stagflation (stagnation + inflation)
    # staycation (stay home + vacation)
    # telegenic (television + photogenic)
    # textpectation (text message + expectation)
    # workaholic (work + alcoholic)

    ReplyDelete
  25. AND HERE ARE MORE BLEND WORDS I GET THROUGH MY RESERACH...SORRY IF I REPEATED SOME..N THIS WAS MY MOST FAVOURITE RESERACH TOPIC,,HEHE..THOSE ARE FINDINGS I GET FROM VARIOUS WEBSITES...REALY ENJOYED WHILE I DONE IT,VERY INTERESTING AND GAIN LOT NEW KNOWLEDGE..

    bash -bang + smash
    bleep -blankout + beep
    because -by + cause
    blotch -blot + botch
    bit -binary + digit
    blurt -blow + spurt
    cellophane- cellulose + diaphane
    brash -bold + rash
    dumbfound- dumb + confound
    chortle -chuckle + snort
    electrocute- electronic + execute
    chump - chunk + lump
    flare -flame + glare
    clash -clap +crash
    fortnight- fourteen + nights
    ditsy - dizzy + dotty
    goodbye- God + be (with) + ye
    doddle -dodder + toddle
    hassle -haggle + tussle
    emoticon -emotion + icon
    humongous -huge + monstrous
    flop - flap + drop
    intercom -internal + communication
    flurry -flutter + hurry
    modem -modulator + demodulator
    galumph -gallop + triumph
    motel - motor + hotel
    glitz -glamour + ritz
    Muppet -marionette + puppet
    goon -gorilla + baboon
    napalm -naphthene + palmitate
    pang -pain + sting
    o'clock of -(the) + clock
    prissy -prim + sissy
    pixel -picture + element
    scuzzy -scummy + lousy
    paratroops -parachute + troops
    slosh - slop + slush
    skyjack - sky + hijack
    snazzy - snappy + jazzy
    slang -slovenly + language
    splurge -splash + surge
    smog - smoke + fog
    squiggle -squirm + wriggle
    swipe - wipe + sweep
    tangelo -tangerine + pomelo
    telethon -telephone + marathon
    twiddle -twist + fiddle
    workaholic -work + alcoholic
    waddle - wade + toddle

    and answers for other question will be post ASAP...

    ReplyDelete
  26. Here are some research i get.

    1.Different words with the same meaning.

    important - significant - main
    happy - merry
    write - note - pen
    weird - strange
    teenager - adolescent
    child - kid
    plead - beg
    naughty - disobedient
    noble - great
    rubbish - trash - garbage - refuse

    ------------------------------------------------

    2.The longest word in English

    - i get the same word with Kavitah which is
    methiony............... which consists of
    1913 letters, and it is a name of a protein.

    ------------------------------------------------

    3. Affixes

    - An affix is a bound morpheme that is joined
    before, after or within a root or stem.
    - It cannot stand alone.

    (a)Prefix
    - Occurs in the front of a root or stem
    - will increase our vocabulary by changing
    the definition of a word to form a new word
    - eg:
    de + press = depress (press down)
    ex + change = exchange (change out)
    il + legal = illegal (not legal)

    (b)Suffix
    - Occurs at the end of a root or stem
    - suffixes or word endings will frequently
    give a clue as to what part of speech a
    word may belong (e.g., noun, verb,
    adjective, adverb)
    - eg: breakable, acceptable, thoughtless,
    faithful, actuality

    Derivational suffixes

    - Derivational suffixes can combine with one
    another, which gives great flexibility in
    creating new words but also leads to further
    spelling complications. For example, -ity can
    be added to -able, but the result is -ability
    (e.g. suitability)
    - Inflectional suffixes used to stress their
    importance in grammar as well as in spelling.
    For example, 's' marks a noun as plural, but
    a present tense verb as (third person)
    singular: e.g. The books look interesting but
    The book looks interesting; s changes to es
    after a hissing sound (e.g. hiss - hisses)

    ------------------------------------------------

    ReplyDelete
  27. cont.....

    4.Content words
    - content words are open class words (new
    words are being added in every language)
    - it includes:
    'Nouns'(John,room..)
    'Adjectives'(happy,new..)
    'Full verbs'(search,grow..)
    'Adverbs'(very, really..)
    'Numerals'(one,first..)
    'Interjections'(eh,well..)
    'Yes/No'(yes,no >as answer)

    ------------------------------------------------

    5.Function words
    - function words are closed class words (only
    about 300 in English)
    - it includes:
    'Prepositions'(of,at..)
    'Pronouns'(he,they..)
    'Determiners'(the,a..)
    'Conjunctions'(and,when..)
    'Modal verbs'(can,must..)
    'Auxiliary verbs'(be,have..)
    'Particles'(no,nor..)

    ------------------------------------------------

    6.Morpheme
    - A morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit
    of a language.
    - For example, the word "unladylike" consists
    of 3 morphemes. Morpheme breaks:
    ~ un - 'not'
    ~ lady - 'female adult human'
    ~ like - 'having the characteristics of'

    ------------------------------------------------

    7.Acronym
    - acronyms are abbreviations that are formed
    using the initial components in a phrase or
    name.
    - For example,
    CEO - Chief Executive Officer
    (corporate title)
    COBOL - Common Business Oriented Language
    VISA - Visa International Service
    Association

    ------------------------------------------------

    8.Blend
    - Blends deal with the action of abridging
    and then combining various lexemes to form
    a new word.
    - Algeo, a linguist, proposed dividing blends
    into three groups:
    (a)Phonemic Overlap
    ~ a syllable or part of a syllable is
    shared between two words
    (b)Clipping
    ~ the shortening of two words and then
    compounding them
    (c)Phonemic Overlap and Clipping
    ~ shortening of two words to a shared
    syllable and then compounding

    -For example,

    breakfast + lunch = brunch
    simultaneous + broadcast = simulcast
    smoke + fog = smog
    cybernetic + organism = cyborg
    motor + hotel = motel
    lithe + slimy = slithy



    (please correct me if i made any
    mistakes,thanks^^)

    ReplyDelete
  28. 1. Different words with the same meaning:
    * Big = huge, large
    * Pretty = beautiful, awsome, amaze
    * Sad = unhappy
    * Trousers = pants
    * Mate = friend

    2. The longest word in the in English
    - Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis is, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, "a factitious word alleged to mean 'a lung disease caused by the inhalation of very fine silica dust, causing inflammation in the lungs.'"

    3. Affixes (Eg: Prefix & Suffix)
    Affixes content two important compenent which is prefixs and suffix.
    * prefix = are morpheme added to the begining of the word. For example: unhappy, unlucky,impossible

    *Suffix = are morpheme added to the end of the word. For example: happiness, possibility, sadness.

    4. Content Words = It's a word make our sentencec grammatical correct which includes pronouns,proposation,article word,conjuction word.

    5. Function Words = A word which make our sentences meaningful with sing nouns, adjective.

    6. Morpheme = A minimal meaningful og language unit or carries certain grammatical function. There are two subcomponent under morpheme which are free morpheme and bound morpheme.

    7. Acronym = a word which formed from the intial word of the origin word. For example, UNITAR = Universiti Tunku Abdul Razak.

    8. Blend = combination of two separate form to produce a single new term. However, blending is typically accomplished by taking only the begining of one word and joining it to the end of the other word. For example, Bteakfast + lunch = brunch, television + broadcast = telecast.

    ReplyDelete
  29. DIFFERENT WORDS WITH SAME MEANING

    1.)-They offered rises of between 8 per cent
    and 10 per cent.
    -They offered increases of between 8 per
    cent and 10 per cent.

    2.)-The union leaders rejected Ford's offer.
    -The union heads rejected Ford's offer.

    3.)-They rejected the offer.
    -They refused the offer.

    4.)-The union claims are unreasonable.
    -The union demands are unreasonable.

    5.)-Their share of the marked slumped to 7.51
    per cent.
    -Their share of the marked dropped to 7.51
    per cent.

    6.)-This period saw the worst strike we have
    ever had.
    -This perdiod showed the worst strike we
    have ever had.

    7.)-There was hardly a Ford car to be had
    anywhere.
    -There was hardly a Ford car to be found
    anywhere.

    8.)-I'm sick of strikes.
    -I'm fed up of strikes.

    9.)-The strikes are crippling the country.
    -The strikes are damaging the country.

    CONTENT WORDS
    -content words are words that conveys information in a text or speech.
    -it belongs to opened class(that new member are lexicology)
    -lexical morpheme has a meaning that can be understood fully in and of itself.
    -content words include nouns, lexical verbs, adjectives and adverbs.
    -content words are usually longer;(quick, large, boy...)

    FUNCTION WORDS
    - are words that expresses a grammatical r/ship.
    - it belongs to closed class(a person cannot easily invent a new prepositions/ conjunction.
    - function words include determiners, conjunctions and prepositions.
    - grammatical words tend to be short,(1 syllable)
    - grammatical morphemes such as 'of, and, the, ness, a,... can be understood completely only when they occur with other words in a sentence.

    MORPHEME

    -is the smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of a language.
    -a morpheme can be either a word or it can be just an element of a word.
    -none of this morpheme can be broken up into smaller parts without losing all semantic meaning.
    -2 types of morpheme:
    1) Free morpheme
    *are those words which can stand alone as
    words in a language.
    *Eg; house, dog, door...it stands alone and
    have its meaning, plus it cannot be divided
    into smaller units.

    2) Bound morpheme
    *are sounds or a combination of sounds which
    must be bound to to a free morpheme in order
    to create a word.
    *most prefixes and suffixes are considered
    bound morpheme.Eg; big(free morpheme)
    '-est'(bound)

    ACRONYMS

    -is a pronounceable word formed from each of
    the first letter of a descriptive phrase or by
    combining the initial letters or parts of
    words from the phrase.(also viewed as subtype
    of blending)
    -Eg:LEISURE COMMERCE SQUARE (LCS)

    BLEND

    -is the combination of 2 separate forms to
    produce a single new term.
    -usually taking only the beginning of 1 word
    and joining it to the end of the other word.
    -Eg:Jazzercise (jazz + exercise)
    parascending (parachute + ascending)
    dramadoc (dramatised+documentary)
    infotainment (information + entertainment)
    magalogue (magazine + catalogue)
    cyborg (cybernetic + organism)

    ReplyDelete
  30. Different words with the same meaning
    mean, cruel
    rich, wealthy
    laugh, giggle
    damp, moist
    quick, fast, rapid
    small, tiny
    huge, large, gigantic
    angry, mad, furious
    beautiful, gorgeous
    silly, goofy

    ReplyDelete
  31. Longest word.
    Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis. A lung disease.

    ReplyDelete
  32. Affixes
    An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word. They are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be separable affixes. Affixation is the linguistic process speakers use to form different words by adding morphemes (affixes) at the beginning (prefixation), the middle (infixation) or the end (suffixation) of words.

    Content word
    Content words are words that have meaning.
    Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs are content parts of speech.

    Function word
    9. Function words are words that exist to explain or create grammatical or structural relationships into which the content words may fit. Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, and interrogatives are some function parts of speech.

    Morpheme
    A morpheme is composed by phoneme ,the smallest linguistically distinctive units of sound in spoken language. a morpheme may or may not stand alone. One or several morphemes compose a word. Free morphemes, like town and dog, can appear with other lexemes as in town hall or dog house or they can stand alone, as examples "free".
    Bound morphemes like "un-" appear only together with other morphemes to form a lexeme. Bound morphemes in general tend to be prefixes and suffixes. Derivational morphemes can be added to a word to create another word: the addition of "-ness" to "happy," for example to give "happiness."

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  33. Acronym

    Acronym/Initialism Meaning
    ASAP As Soon As Possible
    BTW By The Way
    FWIW For What It's Worth
    FYI For Your Information
    IMHO In My Humble Opinion
    IMO In My Opinion
    LOL Laughing Out Loud
    ROTFL Rolling On The Floor Laughing
    RTFM Read The #&!@ing Manual
    TIA Thanks In Advance
    An acronym is a word using the first letter of each word in a phrase or description. Abbreviations are used to provide a shortened form of a word or phrase. One style of abbreviation combines the initial letters of each word in a series. In cases in which the resulting abbreviation is pronounced by saying each of the letters in order, this is called initialism.

    Blend
    Blending is the process of forming a word by combining parts of words. Blends deal with the action of abridging and then combining various lexemes to form a new word. However, the process of defining which words are true blends and which are not is more complicated. The difficulty comes in determining which parts of a new word are "recoverable" (its root can be distinguished).

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  34.  Diffrent words with the same meaning

    Abondon-discard-vacate
    Accord-agree-grant
    Adversity-difficulty-misfortune
    Arrogant-disdainful-imperious
    Avoid-ignore-shun
    Baffle-confuse-deceive
    Berate-critize-disapprove
    Bias-inclination-predisposition
    Bitter-acrid-sour
    Bliss-happiness-joy
    Bother-annoy-irritate
    Blend-combine-mix
    Bonus-award-gift
    Brilliant-clever-intelligent
    Brisk-fast-swift
    Casual-informal-natural
    Candid-honest-truthful
    Cherish-esteem-love
    Confirmation-acknowledgement-proof
    Courteous-polite-well-mannered
    Durable-constant-lasting
    Encourage-foster-induce
    Essential-cultured-learned
    Essential-basic-necessary
    Estimate-guess-predict
    Ideal-goal-perfection
    Ignorant-stupid-unintelligent
    Jargon-argot-slang
    Juvenile-adolescent-immature
    Liberal-lenient-open-minded
    Obvious-conspicuous-definite
    Range-anger-furor
    Rank-arrange-classify

     The longest word in English

    Cholangiocholecystocholedochectomy : The surgical removal pf the hepatic duct and gall bladder.
    Honorificabilitudinitatibus : The state being able to achieve honors.
    Circumbilivagination : The definition of this word is not yet out.
    Hippopotomonstrosesquippediliophobia : The fear of long words.
    Pseudoantidisestablishmentarianism : The false support of the idea that a government should not support the church.
    Antidisestablishmentarianism : Opposition to the withdrawal of state support or recognition from an established church, esp. the Anglican Church in 19th-century England.
    Floccinaucinihilipilification : the action or habit of estimating something as worthless.
    Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis : A lung disease.


     Affixes (egs: prefix & suffix)

    PREFIX

    a-afraid
    be-behold
    bi-bicycle
    com-commit
    con-confess
    de-deport
    dis-dismiss
    ex-expand
    im-imperfect
    in-inside
    mid-midterm
    mono-monorail
    out-outlast
    post-postseason
    pre-pretend
    pro-provide
    re-resell
    semi-semicircle
    un-unhappy
    uni-uniform

    SUFFIX

    able-drinkable
    age-package
    al-animal
    er-hotter
    est-saddest
    ful-helpful
    ing-dusting
    ion-action
    ish-punish
    ive-captive
    less-restless
    ly-friendly
    ment-shipment
    ness-goodness
    ous-monstrous
    ship-friendship
    teen-fifteen
    ward-seaward
    y-muddy

    ReplyDelete
  35.  CONTENT WORDS

    Content words which is nouns, adjectives, fullverbs, adverbs, numerals or interjection that a word that conveys information in a text or speech act. It is contrast with function word.

     FUNCTION WORDS

    Fnction word which is prepositions, pronouns, determiners, conjuctions, modal verbs, auxillary verbs, and particles that a wors that express a grammatical relationship.

     MORPHEME

    A combination of sounds that have a meaning. A morpheme does not necessarily have to be a word. For example ‘caps’ has two morpheme which is ‘cap’ and ‘s’. There are free morpheme and bound morpheme. Free morpheme is a morpheme that can stand alone as a word without another morpheme. It does not need anything attached to it to make a word. Cap is a free morpheme. However Bound morpheme which is a sound or a combination of sounds that cannot stand alone as a word. The ‘ s’ in ‘caps’ is a bound morpheme, and it does not have any meaning without the free morpheme cap.

     ACRONYMS

    SARS – Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrom
    CD – Compact Disk
    UNIFEM – United Nations Development Fun for Women
    MHz – Megahertz
    3G - Third-generation mobile telephone system
    POC – Point of Contact
    IAC – Internet Access Coalition
    CSS – Computer Subsystems
    EVD – External Visual Display

     BLEND

    A word formed by merging the sounds and meanings of two or more other words. For example :-
    afterthoughtful (afterthought + thoughtful)
    agitprop (agitation + propaganda)
    alcopop (alcohol + pop)
    bash (bat + mash)
    Breathalyzer (breath + analyzer)
    camcorder (camera + recorder)
    clash (clap + crash)
    docudrama (documentary + drama)
    electrocute (electricity + execute)
    emoticon (emote + icon)
    faction (fact + fiction)
    fanzine {fan + magazine)
    flare (flame + glare)
    flirtationship (flirting + relationship)
    glimmer (gleam + shimmer)
    guitarthritis (guitar + arthritis)
    infotainment (information + entertainment)
    Jazzercize (jazz + exercise)
    moped (motor + pedal)
    motorcade (motor + cavalcade)
    palimony (pal + alimony)
    pornacopia (pornography + cornucopia)
    pulsar (pulse + quasar)
    sexcapade (sex + escapade)
    slanguage (slang + language)
    smash (smack + mash)
    smog (smoke + fog)
    sportscast (sports + broadcast)
    stagflation (stagnation + inflation)
    staycation (stay home + vacation)
    telegenic (television + photogenic)
    textpectation (text message + expectation)
    transistor (transfer + resistor)
    workaholic (work + alcoholic)

    ReplyDelete
  36. 1. Different Words with same Meaning

    Among other synonymous word i could find

    Gas - Petrol

    berate-critisize-disapprove

    bitter-acrid-sour

    bliss-happiness-joy-merry

    great - wonderful

    zilch - nada - nothing - zero

    juvenile - teenager

    essential- important

    2. Longest word in the English Language are

    Pseudoantidisestablishmentarianism - longest noncoined and nontechnical word

    Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis - longest technical word in a major dictionary

    methionylglutaminylarginyltyrosylglutamylserylleucyl phenylalanylalanylglutaminylleucyllysylglutamylarginyl lysylglutamylglycylalanylphenylalanylvalylprolylphenyl alanylvalylthreonylleucylglycylaspartylprolylglycylisol eucylglutamylglutaminylserylleucyllysylisoleucylaspartyl threonylleucylisoleucylglutamylalanylglycylalanylaspartyl alanylleucylglutamylleucylglycylisoleucylprolylphenyl alanylserylaspartylprolylleucylalanylaspartylglycylprolyl threonylisoleucylglutaminylasparaginylalanylthreonylleucyl arginylalanylphenylalanylalanylalanylglycylvalylthreonyl prolylalanylglutaminylcysteinylphenylalanylglutamyl methionylleucylalanylleucylisoleucylarginylglutaminyllysyl histidylprolylthreonylisoleucylprolylisoleucylglycylleucyl leucylmethionyltyrosylalanylasparaginylleucylvalylphenyl alanylasparaginyllysylglycylisoleucylaspartylglutamylphenyl alanyltyrosylalanylglutaminylcysteinylglutamyllysylvalyl glycylvalylaspartylserylvalylleucylvalylalanylaspartylvalyl prolylvalylglutaminylglutamylserylalanylprolylphenylalanyl arginylglutaminylalanylalanylleucylarginylhistidylasparaginyl valylalanylprolylisoleucylphenylalanylisoleucylcysteinyl prolylprolylaspartylalanylaspartylaspartylaspartylleucyl leucylarginylglutaminylisoleucylalanylseryltyrosylglycyl arginylglycyltyrosylthreonyltyrosylleucylleucylserylarginyl alanylglycylvalylthreonylglycylalanylglutamylasparaginyl arginylalanylalanylleucylprolylleucylasparaginylhistidyl leucylvalylalanyllysylleucyllysylglutamyltyrosylasparaginyl alanylalanylprolylprolylleucylglutaminylglycylphenylalanyl glycylisoleucylserylalanylprolylaspartylglutaminylvalyllysyl alanylalanylisoleucylaspartylalanylglycylalanylalanylglycyl alanylisoleucylserylglycylserylalanylisoleucylvalyllysylisol eucylisoleucylglutamylglutaminylhistidylasparaginylisoleucyl glutamylprolylglutamyllysylmethionylleucylalanylalanylleucyl lysylvalylphenylalanylvalylglutaminylprolylmethionyllysyl alanylalanylthreonylarginylserine - longest disputed genetically protein compound word ever recorded

    ReplyDelete
  37. 3. Affixes

    Prefixes include:

    a-aloud
    be-bewitched
    bi-bipolar
    de-denounce
    dis-disparity
    ex-exterior
    im-impossible
    in-interior
    mid-midday
    mono-monoloque
    post-posthumous
    pre-prefix
    re-recall
    semi-semifinal
    un-unable
    uni-unisex

    Suffixes
    While prefixes are attached at the beginning of the word, suffixes are at the end of the word. Among others:

    able-palatable
    age-patronage
    al-denial
    er-better
    est-best
    ful-joyful
    ing-bleaching
    ion-transition
    ish-Kenny Dalglish :P Scottish
    ive-active
    less-hapless
    ly-wholly
    ment-payment
    ness-sweetness
    ous-deleterious
    ship-courtship
    ward-forward
    y-discovery

    4. Content Words

    Content words are words used in a manner to project or relay the meaning of the sentence. In order to do so, words such as nouns, verbs, and adjectives - among others - is extremely required.

    5. Function Words

    On the otherhand, function word uses prepositions, conjunctions and determiners to ensure the proper grammatical relationship of the sentence

    6. Morpheme

    Morpheme is the smallest unit of a word that carries a meaning. Morpheme is divided into two: free morphemes and bound morpheme. Free morpheme includes nouns (dog), verb (get), adjective (fast)among others. Linguistically speaking, free morphemes are words that cannot be divided into smaller unit and can still stand alone.

    Bound morpheme, however, requires a free morpheme to be attached in order for the content of the word to be understandable. Suffixes are the best candidate to examplify what a bound morpheme is.

    7. Acronyms

    According to Wikipedia, acronyms or initialisms are abbreviations formed from the initial component of the first letter of the word. Examples are:

    CEO – Chief Executive Officer
    USA - United States of America
    UN – United Nations
    UNITAR - Universiti Tun Abdul Razak
    Petronas - Petroliam Nasional
    PIC - Person In Charge
    ERT - Emergency Response Team

    8. Blend

    Blending a word requires consolidating two or more words of different meaning to create a new word.

    Examples:

    Emoticon - Emotion + Icon
    Synthesizer - Synthesis + Analyzer
    Brunch - Breakfast + Lunch
    Bleep - Blankout + Beep
    Splurge - Splash + Surge
    Paratrooper - Parachute + Trooper

    ReplyDelete
  38. 1. Different words with the same meaning.
    a) thesaurus – lexicon – dictionary
    b) dress – costume – garment
    c) food – meal – nourishment
    d) see – look – sight – behold
    e) earth – globe – world

    2a. Prefix is an element placed at the beginning of a word. For example; research, recycle, impossible.

    b. Suffix is an element placed at the back of a word. For example; naturally, secondly, thinking.

    3. Content words are words such as noun, verb, or adjective that has a stat able lexical meaning. A word to which an independent meaning can be given by reference to a world outside any sentence in which the word may occur.

    4. Function words are a word that expresses a grammatical relationship. Function words include determiners, conjunctions and prepositions.

    5. Morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of a language.

    6. Acronym is a word formed from the initial letters or groups of letter of words in a set phrase or series of words.

    7. Blend is to combine or mix of word so that the constituent parts are distinguishable from one.

    ReplyDelete